True or False? (1 point each) SELECT: 4 Q: For Plato, individual things in the world are more knowable than Forms. POINTS: 1 ANSWER: False TYPE: TF Q: For Plato, the highest form, upon which all others depend, is the form of the Good. POINTS: 1 ANSWER: True TYPE: TF Q: In the Meno, Anytus is portrayed as an advocate and supporter of Sophists. POINTS: 1 ANSWER: False TYPE: TF Q: Plato's epistemology is rationalist. POINTS: 1 ANSWER: True TYPE: TF Q: Plato believes that art is good for the soul, and proposes that the Republic be filled with works of public art. POINTS: 1 ANSWER: False TYPE: TF Q: Glaucon tells the story of the ring of Gyges to illustrate that virtuous people are happier than people who do evil. POINTS: 1 ANSWER: False FEEDBACK: Glaucon tells the story to illustrate how an evil person might be happier than a good person. TYPE: TF Fill in blanks. 1 point each SELECT: 2 Q: In the first part of the dialog, Meno makes several attempts to define POINTS: 1 A. arete B. virtue ANSWER: A, arete, B, virtue TYPE: FB Q: Epistemological systems that emphasize the power of mind alone (reason, innate ideas, mathematics) unaided by senses to attain knowledge are called A. rationalism B. rationalist C. rationalist epistemology D. rationalist epistemological systems ANSWER: A, rationalism, B, rationalist, C, rationalist epistemology, D, rationalist epistemological systems POINTS: 1 TYPE: FB Essays 2 points each SELECT: 4 Q: What mistake does Meno keep making in his attempted definitions in Stephanos numbers 70-80 of the Meno? POINTS: 2 ANSWER: Meno's mistake is giving examples of arete. Socrates is asking for what all the examples have in common &mdash the essence or Form of arete. TYPE: ES Q: What point is Socrates making when he mentions the statues of Daedalus in the last pages of the Meno? POINTS: 2 ANSWER: The mythical statues of Daedalus will fly away if they are not tied down. True beliefs without justifications are like the statues of Daedalus. If you have a true belief but cannot justify your true belief, it will tend to "fly away" -- and then, unfortunately, you've lost a TRUE belief. If you can justify your belief, it will stay put. TYPE: ES Q: For Plato, a person (P) knows something (X) if and only if three conditions are satisfied. What are the three conditions? POINTS: 2 ANSWER: P knows X if and only if(1) P believes X
(2) X is true, and
(3) P can give a logos-type theoretical account of X in terms of an orderly universe (in other words, P can say why X occurs using general principles of nature). TYPE: ES Q: What is Plato's position on art in the Republic? Give at least two arguments Plato uses to support this position. POINTS: 2 ANSWER: Plato doesn't want to permit art in the Republic.
He thinks art merely copies the world of the senses and thus focusses our attention AWAY from the really real world of the Forms.
He thinks reason, not emotions, should rule the soul, but art encourages us to wallow in our emotions and thus destroys psychic harmony.
He thinks art gives us bad role models. TYPE: ES Q: What is Glaucon's story of the ring of Gyges and what does Glaucon think it shows? POINTS: 2 ANSWER: Gyges is a shepherd who finds a ring that makes him invisible at will. Using his power of invisibility, Gyges does many selfish deeds and breaks all the rules, knowing he will not be caught and punished. Glaucon says anybody would act like Gyges if they could. According to Glaucon, the story shows that people do the right thing only because they're afraid of being caught. Nobody would be virtuous if they didn't have to. Virtue can go against self-interest! Glaucon challenges Socrates to explain why anybody but a fool would want to be genuinely virtuous. TYPE: ES Q: What is the Socratic paradox and why is it paradoxical? POINTS: 2 ANSWER: The Socratic paradox is Socrates' claim that virtue is a kind of knowledge. This means that good people KNOW stuff that bad people don't. So if you can just give people the right knowledge of courage, goodness, beauty, etc, they will automatically become courageous, good, beautiful, etc.
The Socratic paradox is a paradox because it seems that people can know what's good for them, and still not do it. TYPE: ES Q: According to Plato, the good (well-ordered) city and the good (well-ordered) soul are alike because both adhere to the same governing principle. What is that principle? POINTS: 2 ANSWER: "Reason rules" is the governing principle in both a well-ordered city and a well-ordered soul. A city should be governed by its most rational residents (those who have developed their reason to the extent that they understand Goodness itself, and thus rule well). A soul that trains the rational faculty enough to apprehend Goodness itself will also be effortlessly good, most human, and happiest.
Another way to express the principle is: "Each part performs its proper function and no other." The proper function of reason is to rule. TYPE: ES